niedziela, 18 grudnia 2016

Great Inventions part 8

Great Inventions part 8

Car:
Car is a wheeled self-powered motor vehicle used for transport. The first motor vehicle ever created was a car artillery made by french military engineer N. J. Cugnot in 1769. Due to high weight of steam engine almost all vehicles created in that time were the prototypes of steam stagecoaches. In XIX century the elecrtric cars - vechicles driven by energy from battery started to appear. At the end of XIX century this type of cars reached stunning speed of 100km/h. The first vechicle with internal combustion engine was invented in 1875 by S. Marcus and despite reaching the max speed of 6km/h it is said to be the prototype of modern car. Next important moment in history of automotive was invention of high-speed petrol engine in 1883 and vechicle equipped with it in 1886 by G. Daimler. In the same year K. Benz created his own model of car. In 1890 both of them are setting up their car factories in 1926 after many years of fierce competition their companies merge creating Daimler-Benz Company. At first all cars had shape of horse-drawn carriage which changed as a result of car accident during race in 1900, when driver of one of the Daimler's car died.
Cugnot's vechicle:

niedziela, 4 grudnia 2016

Great Inventions part 7

Great Inventions part 7

Incandescent light bulb:
Light bulb is an electric light with a wire filament heated to such a high temperature that it glows with a visible light. The fliament heated by passing an electric current is protected from oxidation with a glass or quartz bulb that is filled with inert gas or evacuated. The first recorded inventor of a light bulb was de Moleyns who in 1841 created a small electric lamp. It wasn't very successful invention because the platinum wire he used was easily melting. Much better was a bulb with carbon fiber obtained from charred bamboo created in 1854 by Henry Goebel. The third bulb inventor Alexander Łodygin's creation in 1873 lighted for 30 minutes. Among the light bulb inventors two of them stood out: Joseph Wilson Swan who used bayonet base in his bulb which in 1878 lighted for 13,5 hours and Tomas Alva Edison whose bulb in 1879 lasted for tens of hours. Swan's patent blocked the european market from Edison so they started the company named "Siemens Edison Swan". Till today we use Edison's bulbs with threaded shaft (Edison - E27) in our houses and Swan's bayonet base in car lights.
                           Edison's light bulbs: